Indonesian director Garin Nugroho's 2018 feature Memories of My Body/ Kucumbu Tubuh Indahku intrigued me.
The MIFF synopsis read it "dances through gender stereotypes, societal oppression and his homeland's recent political history" and refers to a boy finding "a new life with a traditional [Javanese] lengger dance company, warming to its graceful movements while embracing its complicated approach to masculinity. In the group's performances, male dancers take on female roles, opening [his] eyes to the fluidity of gender, sexuality and sensuality and the struggle that can stem from being different, including within himself."
The film was inspired by Garin's experience of collaborating as dramaturge in a dance production by Rianto, a dancer and choreographer who was born into a poor farming family in the Banyumas area of Java. He is now based in Japan where he works and lives with his Japanese wife. The collaboration was part of Garin's investigation of the fact of gender diversity among various ethnic groups in Indonesia.
In recent years, Indonesia has become increasingly anti-LGBT although same-sex relationships are legal except in Aceh where sharia law is in force. The laws prohibiting pornography, including "body movements" are used to persecute LGBTIQ people as Islamists have become more powerful and politicians across the spectrum used anti-LGBT policies in their campaigns for the 2019 presidential and parliamentary elections, claiming LGBT behaviour is a Western import.
Garin's film does not defend or judge the not-stereotypically-straight characters or their actions. Rianto says "My home is my body." The teenager's elderly uncle (Fajar Suharno) advises him, "Your body can take you anywhere, but bodies carry traumas. You must love your body." The film is intended as an invitation to dialogue among the audience.
The film is a fictionalised version of Rianto's boyhood and adolescence. It opens with the real-life Rianto as himself addressing viewers as he stands in front of a simple bamboo house in a remote village. It is the first of a few short monologues between four episodic chapters.
Rianto speaks of his experiences becoming part of his body. His dance moves, some androgynously graceful, some vigorously masculine, include muscle memory and the embodiment of powerful emotions, some happy, others conflicted and traumatic. He develops his art as a vehicle of catharsis.
In the opening scene, the camera moves away to focus on his avatar Jono as a little boy (Raditya Evandra) and in the later episodes as a teenager (Muhammad Khan).
Juno's mother named him Wahyu Jono (Vision of Arjuna). Arjuna is the refined, compassionate warrior in the Javanese wayang kulit (shadow play) based on the Mahabharata epic.
Abandoned by his traumatised father, Jono mostly fends for himself before his aunt takes him in. We see him eyeing a poster of David Bowie in a village market.
He happens on a group rehearsing lengger and spies on them through a hole in a wall. He is caught by the old dance teacher (Sujiwo Tejo) who tells him that leng means "hole" and shows him his wife's genitalia snd that ngger means "cock's comb) and challenges him, though the boy has not reached puberty. The dance originated many centuries ago as a fertility ritual but was (is?) customarily performed at weddings and other celebrations by local Muslim villagers.
In this and later episodes, Jono suffers because he is different and witnesses the violent ill-treatment of poor villagers including a handsome boxer (Randy Pangalila) who he is fascinated by as a teenager when he delivers traditional wedding clothes for him and his bride. The boxer treats him with surprising intimacy.
Jono is conflicted as he grows more attracted to dancing lengger in a female role in the troupe that recruited him tome their costumes.
The adolescent Jono is willy-nilly involved in political conflict during a re-election campaign after the fall of the dictatorial Suharto regime by a married regent (Teuku Rifnu Wikuna) who lusts after him and a local reactionary Muslim faction who press for the lengger troupe to be expelled. The regent's campaign includes a lengger performance and a performance of the spectacularly dramatic reog dance from Ponogoro.
The Suharto regime promoted these traditional arts to bolster popular support, but "straightened" them by replacing the handsome young male and cross-dressed dancers with young women.
The Tantric ascetic Warok strongman (Whani Darmawa) who performs the reog lion dance dangerously challenges this by adopting Juno as hs gemblak and moves him into his house as his companion and provider of domestic services. The warok carries the gemblak on his shoulders as he dances holding a towering mask in his teeth. The gemblak was believed to make the warok invulnerable.
Both Raditya and Muhammad are good looking. Raditya does not play cute. The two actors' portrayal is subtle and nuanced. There are beautiful and ugly scenes. Although there are scenes of emotional intimacy, there are no sex scenes.
After a dramatic crisis, the film ends on a optimistic note.
It has won international awards. It was passed by the Indonesian censors, but when the trailer was released in Indonesia a few months ago, reactionary religious groups orchestrated a moral panic against it as blasphemous and a danger to the young. It was banned by some local government authorities and Garin has received death threats. Only three cinemas in Jakarta screened it.
It is a fascinating film.